大跨度空腹式连续刚构桥设计理论与方法

为寻求常规连续刚构桥适用跨径和斜拉桥适用跨径之间的合理、经济桥型,在常规连续刚构桥的基础上结合拱桥的力学特点提出空腹式连续刚构桥型。该桥型在常规连续刚构桥的形式上加大箱梁根部高度,并对箱梁根部的腹板进行挖空,减轻自重,形成梁-拱组合力学效应,从而提高结构承载效率,增强桥梁跨越能力。空腹式连续刚构桥可布置为单主跨、多主跨以及单T的形式,也可与常规连续刚构组合,桥墩可采用双肢薄壁墩或箱形柱式墩。采用正交试验法对该桥型关键结构参数进行研究,并根据实际工程对总体结构参数取值提出建议。该桥型采用平衡悬臂方法施工,工程造价指标、运营维护技术要求及费用与常规连续刚构桥相当,适用跨径在200~400 m,可望填补常规连续刚构桥适用跨径和斜拉桥适用跨径之间的空白。     

就地热再生沥青混合料均匀性的细观评价指标

就地热再生能直接在现场一次性完成路面修复，但因其材料组成和施工工艺复杂等极易出现混合料不均匀问题，为解决此问题，尝试从集料入手，对就地热再生沥青混合料均匀性的评价指标进行研究。首先，采用数码相机获取就地热再生沥青混合料试件截面的数字图像，基于数字图像处理技术识别截面中所有新旧集料的细观结构；然后，采用环扇分割法将截面分成36个等面积区域，基于区域集料颗粒面积比和新集料颗粒偏离度分别提出集料均匀性评价指标D和新集料均匀性评价指标H；最后，通过改变RAP加热温度、RAP拌和时间、新沥青混合料拌和温度与新旧料混合时间4个因素，进行正交试验，进一步分析均匀性指标的变化规律和可靠性。结果表明：环形分区结合OTSU阈值分割方法可准确识别沥青混合料截面图像中的集料信息，保留绿色通道的方法可有效识别不同灰度值的新旧集料；对试件截面均匀性的定性分析初步验证了这2个均匀性指标的有效性；RAP加热温度与新沥青混合料拌和温度对D影响显著，RAP加热温度和新旧料混合时间对H影响显著；而且，随着RAP加热温度、新沥青混合料温度和新旧料混合时间的增加，就地热再生混合料的均匀性变好，这与以往的研究结论相一致，进一步验证了这2个均匀性评价指标的可靠性。     

航标技术改造中的风险预测及管理

风险预测及管理是国示航8标界近年来颇为关注的话题。如何在航标管理中引入风险的概念，如何通过风险管理来达到航标建设投入与产出的合理平衡是我们中国航标界人员应仔细思考的问题。本文结合以往在航标技术改造中的一些经验，论述了航标技术改造的风险类型，以及相应的评估指标体系，初步总结了这方面的经验，供参考。     

新型消浪板结构性能分析

双层开孔消浪板是一种新型消能结构,其结构主要包括上层开孔板和下层实心板两部分,以此来解决结构的消能问题.基于双层开孔消浪板具有较好的消能效果,对结构稳定性进行分析.根据模型试验结果,推导出消浪板结构稳定性计算公式,从而计算结构的稳定性,并对计算结果进行分析,得出相应的结论.     

Experimental study on a model azimuthing podded propulsor in ice

The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of a model azimuthing podded propulsor in ice-covered water. Model tests were carried out with two different depths of cut into the ice (15 and 35 mm), two different ice conditions (presawn and pack ice conditions), and four different azimuthing angles. The depth of cut is the maximum penetration depth of the propeller blade into the ice block. The 0.3-m-diameter model propeller was operated in a continuous ice milling condition. Ice loads were measured by several sensors which were installed in various positions on the model. Six one-axis pancake-style load cells on the top of the model measured the global loads and two six-component dynamometers were installed on the shaft to measure the shaft loads. One six-component dynamometer was attached to the one of the propeller blades inside the hub to measure the blade loads. The pod unit and propeller performance in ice are presented. Ice-related loads, which were obtained when the blade was inside the ice block, are introduced and discussed. During the propeller–ice interaction, a blade can experience the path generated by the previous blade, which is called the shadowing effect. The effects of shadowing, depth of cut, azimuthing angle, and advance coefficient on propulsor performance are presented and discussed.     

基于卷积型小波包变换的船用水位调节器故障辨识

以某型蒸汽船的主冷凝器水位调节器为研究对象,应用卷积型小波包变换提取各种故障信号分解后的相对小波包能量,建立水位调节器标准故障库,并引进Euclidean空间距离公式作为判据进行故障识别。实验结果表明,该方法可以对水位调节器的典型故障进行快速、正确分类,降低了其故障定位与维修的盲目性。     

溃坝问题的数值仿真和实验(英文)

In this paper, two novel numerical computation methods are introduced which have been recently developed at Research Institute for Applied Mechanics ( RIAM ), Kyushu University, for strongly nonlinear wave-body interaction problems, such as ship motions in rough seas and resulting green-water impact on deck. The first method is the CIP-based Cartesian grid method, in which the free surface flow is treated as a multi-phase flow which is solved using a Cartesian grid. The second method is the MPS method, which is a so-called particle method and hence no grid is used. The features and calculation procedures of these numerical methods are described. One validation computation against a newly conducted experiment on a dam break problem, which is also described in this paper, is presented.     

水基型沥青清洗剂的研究

采用表面活性剂复配技术,经基质材料的性能对比及正交试验分析,开发出能在常温下迅速除去金属表面沥青且环保的水基型清洗剂;进一步,论文探讨了清洗方式、浸泡温度、清洗剂浓度以及浸泡时间等因素对金属表面清洗效果的影响,证实了该清洗剂良好的净洗力,验证了研发的清洗剂作为道路工程界传统沥青清洗剂替代品的可行性.     

真空管道运输系统管道模型结构分析与实验内容

对真空管道运输(ETT)系统管道实验模型的整体结构和尺寸、主要功能部件的设置以及该管道实验模型建成后将进行的实验内容等进行了分析和介绍。     

T型焊接接头疲劳性能研究

T型焊接接头在船舶与海洋工程结构中广泛应用,研究T型焊接接头的疲劳性能对于提高船舶与海洋工程结构的强度具有重要意义.针对工程中常用的四种焊趾形式的T型焊接接头,利用有限元计算和模型试验两种方法对其疲劳性能进行了研究.结果表明,平面型焊趾是较优的T型接头焊趾形式.